Table 9 Selected Organizations Frequently Citing Affymetrix Patents

3M

Photopatterned DNA chips

N

ACLARA BIOSCIENCES

Microfluidics for preprocessing of genetic material

Y

AGILENT TECHNOLOGIES

Ink-jet manufactured DNA chips

N

BIOFORCE NANOSCIENCES

Mapping nucleotide positions and molecular interactions through atomic force microscopy

Y

BIOMICRO SYSTEMS

Microfluidic systems to enhance DNA hybridization

N

CALIPER TECHNOLOGIES

Parallel microfluidic devices for preparation of genetic material

Y

CALTECH

Protein design, genetic sequence analysis and amplification, size based polynucleotide sorting

Y

CEPHEID

Rapid genetic testing for diseases and bioterrorism

Y

CLONTECH LABORATORIES

Glass, nylon, and plastic expression profiling microarrays; disease profiling arrays

Y

EASTMAN KODAK

Reagents and imaging systems for microarrays

N

FUJI PHOTO FILM

Electrochemically assembled DNA chips, optical scanners for expression arrays

N

GENE LOGIC

Analysis of Affymetrix GeneChip data

Y

GENOSPECTRA

Chronological quantitation of genetic cellular events

N

HARVARD COLLEGE

Protein arrays

Y

HYSEQ

Protein modeling and DNA chips

Y

ILLUMINA

High density optical wells and scanning systems for nucleic acid analysis

Y

INCYTE

Microarrays for gene expression studies and drug discovery

Y

KIMBERLY-CLARK WORLDWIDE

Multipurpose optical diffraction biosensors

N

LARGE SCALE PROTEOMICS

Protein identification and characterization

N

LEXICON GENETICS

Gene knockout technology to systematically discover the physiological and behavioral functions of genes

Y

MIT

Nanoparticles to create, through deposition and pattering, microelectronic devices that incorporate biological materials. Nanocrystal tagging and tracking of DNA.

Y

MAXYGEN

Protein therapy

Y

MERGEN

DNA chip maker

N

MOTOROLA

Stamped DNA chips

N

NANOGEN

Sample preparation and testing tools

Y

NANOSPHERE

Protein/Nucleic acid detection without amplification

Y

NANOSTREAM

Microfluidic systems to enhance array throughput

N

ORCHID BIOSCIENCES

Microfluidic glass chips for identity testing

Y

PERLEGEN SCIENCES

Whole genome association studies on DNA chips to better match patient genotypes with medications

Y

ROSETTA INPHARMATICS

Ink-jet microarrays and analysis software for genetic research

N

SEQUENOME

Resequencing array for genotyping

N

SOMALOGIC

Rapid protein based diagnosis of disease

Y

STANFORD UNIVERSITY

Using cell stress response to identify drug targets, nucleic acid amplification, pin based DNA chip manufacturing

Y

SYMYX TECHNOLOGIES

High throughput chemical discovery and analysis on microarrays

Y

TELECHEM INTERNATIONAL

Noncontact microspotting devices

N

THIRD WAVE TECHNOLOGIES

Molecular diagnostics and amplification

Y

UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA

Flourescense tagging, expression analysis algorithms, diagnostic arrays, chemical discovery arrays

Y

UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA

Creating temperature gradients on DNA chips to better characterize molecular interactions

Y

VIALOGY

Data cleaning software for gene expression studies

N

ZYOMYX

Human and murine cytokine protein assays

Y