Table 9 Selected Organizations Frequently Citing Affymetrix Patents
From: The emergence and diffusion of DNA microarray technology
| Citing Organization | Description of Relevant Technology | Grants |
|---|---|---|
| 3M | Photopatterned DNA chips | N |
| ACLARA BIOSCIENCES | Microfluidics for preprocessing of genetic material | Y |
| AGILENT TECHNOLOGIES | Ink-jet manufactured DNA chips | N |
| BIOFORCE NANOSCIENCES | Mapping nucleotide positions and molecular interactions through atomic force microscopy | Y |
| BIOMICRO SYSTEMS | Microfluidic systems to enhance DNA hybridization | N |
| CALIPER TECHNOLOGIES | Parallel microfluidic devices for preparation of genetic material | Y |
| CALTECH | Protein design, genetic sequence analysis and amplification, size based polynucleotide sorting | Y |
| CEPHEID | Rapid genetic testing for diseases and bioterrorism | Y |
| CLONTECH LABORATORIES | Glass, nylon, and plastic expression profiling microarrays; disease profiling arrays | Y |
| EASTMAN KODAK | Reagents and imaging systems for microarrays | N |
| FUJI PHOTO FILM | Electrochemically assembled DNA chips, optical scanners for expression arrays | N |
| GENE LOGIC | Analysis of Affymetrix GeneChip data | Y |
| GENOSPECTRA | Chronological quantitation of genetic cellular events | N |
| HARVARD COLLEGE | Protein arrays | Y |
| HYSEQ | Protein modeling and DNA chips | Y |
| ILLUMINA | High density optical wells and scanning systems for nucleic acid analysis | Y |
| INCYTE | Microarrays for gene expression studies and drug discovery | Y |
| KIMBERLY-CLARK WORLDWIDE | Multipurpose optical diffraction biosensors | N |
| LARGE SCALE PROTEOMICS | Protein identification and characterization | N |
| LEXICON GENETICS | Gene knockout technology to systematically discover the physiological and behavioral functions of genes | Y |
| MIT | Nanoparticles to create, through deposition and pattering, microelectronic devices that incorporate biological materials. Nanocrystal tagging and tracking of DNA. | Y |
| MAXYGEN | Protein therapy | Y |
| MERGEN | DNA chip maker | N |
| MOTOROLA | Stamped DNA chips | N |
| NANOGEN | Sample preparation and testing tools | Y |
| NANOSPHERE | Protein/Nucleic acid detection without amplification | Y |
| NANOSTREAM | Microfluidic systems to enhance array throughput | N |
| ORCHID BIOSCIENCES | Microfluidic glass chips for identity testing | Y |
| PERLEGEN SCIENCES | Whole genome association studies on DNA chips to better match patient genotypes with medications | Y |
| ROSETTA INPHARMATICS | Ink-jet microarrays and analysis software for genetic research | N |
| SEQUENOME | Resequencing array for genotyping | N |
| SOMALOGIC | Rapid protein based diagnosis of disease | Y |
| STANFORD UNIVERSITY | Using cell stress response to identify drug targets, nucleic acid amplification, pin based DNA chip manufacturing | Y |
| SYMYX TECHNOLOGIES | High throughput chemical discovery and analysis on microarrays | Y |
| TELECHEM INTERNATIONAL | Noncontact microspotting devices | N |
| THIRD WAVE TECHNOLOGIES | Molecular diagnostics and amplification | Y |
| UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA | Flourescense tagging, expression analysis algorithms, diagnostic arrays, chemical discovery arrays | Y |
| UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA | Creating temperature gradients on DNA chips to better characterize molecular interactions | Y |
| VIALOGY | Data cleaning software for gene expression studies | N |
| ZYOMYX | Human and murine cytokine protein assays | Y |